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Ils sont parfaitement adaptés à ce mode de vie : un pouce raccourci leur facilite les déplacements dans les arbres, et un estomac semblable à celui des ruminants favorise la digestion des feuilles.",[134],{"__typename":135,"title":113,"url":136},"breadcrumbs","\u002Ffr\u002Fcolobe-blanc-et-noir-dafrique-occidentale",[],{"__typename":139,"abbreviation":140},"Term_ConservationStatus_ConservationStatus","EN","\u003Cp>Tous les colobes se caractérisent par leur pouce raccourci, qui se présente sous la forme d'un petit moignon. Le nom du genre Colobus vient du mot grec « ekolobóse », qui signifie « mutilé ».\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Contrairement à de nombreux autres singes, son pouce n'est pas opposable et ne peut pas être placé en face des autres doigts. Cette limitation apparente s'est avérée être un avantage adaptatif pour la vie dans la cime des arbres au fil des millénaires : lorsqu'ils sautent de branche en branche, ces animaux utilisent leurs mains comme des crochets. Un pouce mobile serait plutôt gênant dans ce contexte. La longue queue sert de contrepoids et d’aide à la direction, en particulier lors des grands sauts dans les branches.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Il est également frappant de constater que les juvéniles sont blancs à la naissance et qu'ils n'adoptent leur pelage noir et blanc caractéristique qu'en grandissant.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Ces animaux vivent presque exclusivement dans la canopée de la forêt tropicale d’Afrique de l’Ouest. Ils se nourrissent donc principalement de feuilles, en particulier celles des lianes. Pour cela, ils possèdent un estomac à plusieurs compartiments, qui rappelle les pré-estomacs des ruminants. Dans une chambre de fermentation située en amont, des bactéries décomposent la cellulose difficile à digérer. Cette digestion complexe nécessite beaucoup de temps et d’énergie : les Colobes blancs et noirs d'Afrique occidentale passent plus de la moitié de la journée à se reposer, à dormir ou à prendre le soleil.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Les colobes blancs et noirs d'Afrique occidentale vivent en groupes composés généralement d'un à deux mâles, de quatre à six femelles et de leurs petits. Au sein du groupe, les femelles entretiennent des relations sociales plus étroites entre elles qu'avec les mâles. Au cours des premières semaines suivant la naissance, il est par ailleurs courant que les juvéniles soient portés non seulement par leur mère, mais aussi par d'autres femelles du groupe.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Les territoires de groupes voisins se chevauchent en partie. Pour marquer leurs limites, les mâles émettent un « chant » matinal très perceptible : un rugissement puissant qui résonne loin dans la forêt et signale leur présence aux autres groupes. Si des rencontres ont néanmoins lieu, des gestes menaçants, des rugissements puissants et parfois même des affrontements physiques peuvent se produire, auxquels participent les deux sexes.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>La déforestation croissante des forêts tropicales d'Afrique occidentale ainsi que la chasse aux animaux destinés au commerce de la viande de brousse ont entraîné un déclin spectaculaire des populations de Colobes blancs et noirs d'Afrique occidentale. Dans de nombreuses zones protégées, l'espèce a déjà disparu ou n'est plus présente qu'en très petit nombre.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"__typename":64,"id":143,"alt_de":53,"alt_fr":53,"permalink":144,"extension":145,"is_image":6,"width":128,"height":146,"focus_css":122,"url":144,"path":147,"is_video":6},"assets::animals\u002Fbarenstummelaffe\u002Fbarenstummelaffe_verbreitung_web2026.svg","https:\u002F\u002Fzoo-zurich-prod.b-cdn.net\u002Fcms\u002Fp\u002Fassets\u002Fanimals\u002Fbarenstummelaffe\u002Fbarenstummelaffe_verbreitung_web2026.svg","svg",1220.08,"animals\u002Fbarenstummelaffe\u002Fbarenstummelaffe_verbreitung_web2026.svg",{"__typename":149,"title":150,"id":151,"icon_slug":152},"Term_AnimalTypes_AnimalType","Mammifières","animal_types::saeugetiere","nucleo:animals-nature-paw",[154,160,164,168,172,176,180,184,188,192,196,200,204],{"__typename":155,"fact_type":156,"content":159},"GridItem_Facts",{"__typename":157,"title":158,"tooltip_infos":53},"Term_SpeciesFacts_SpeciesFact","Classification","Cercopithecidae, colobes (7 espèces)",{"__typename":155,"fact_type":161,"content":163},{"__typename":157,"title":162,"tooltip_infos":53},"Habitat","forêt tropicale humide d'Afrique de l'Ouest",{"__typename":155,"fact_type":165,"content":167},{"__typename":157,"title":166,"tooltip_infos":53},"Mode de vie","actif pendant la journée, vit dans les arbres, ne descend que très rarement au sol, mode de vie généralement plus calme",{"__typename":155,"fact_type":169,"content":171},{"__typename":157,"title":170,"tooltip_infos":53},"Structure sociale","en groupes d'environ 5 à 20 individus, composés d'un ou plusieurs mâles, de plusieurs femelles et de leurs juvéniles",{"__typename":155,"fact_type":173,"content":175},{"__typename":157,"title":174,"tooltip_infos":53},"Alimentation","principalement des feuilles (surtout celles des lianes), mais aussi des fruits non mûrs et des graines, ainsi que des fleurs, de l'écorce ou de la terre provenant des termitières",{"__typename":155,"fact_type":177,"content":179},{"__typename":157,"title":178,"tooltip_infos":53},"Poids","les femelles peuvent peser jusqu'à 8,3 kg, les mâles jusqu'à 10 kg",{"__typename":155,"fact_type":181,"content":183},{"__typename":157,"title":182,"tooltip_infos":53},"Longueur du corps","longueur tête-tronc : 55 à 60 cm chez les femelles, 58 à 68 cm chez les mâles ; 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