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tends to rest in the shade during the day",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":132,"content":134},{"__typename":120,"title":133,"tooltip_infos":50},"Social structure","Herds comprising related adult females and their young, with males in small groups or living as solitary individuals",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":136,"content":138},{"__typename":120,"title":137,"tooltip_infos":50},"Diet","up to 150 kg a day, consisting of fresh grass and hay, leaves, twigs and branches, bark and fruit; at the zoo, carrots and beetroot are also provided",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":140,"content":142},{"__typename":120,"title":141,"tooltip_infos":50},"Weight","Females up to 4,600 kg, males up to 6,000 kg, newborns around 100 kg",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":144,"content":146},{"__typename":120,"title":145,"tooltip_infos":50},"Body size","maximum shoulder height 3.4 m",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":148,"content":150},{"__typename":120,"title":149,"tooltip_infos":50},"Body length","Head-to-body length up to 5 m, tail length up to 1.5 m",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":152,"content":154},{"__typename":120,"title":153,"tooltip_infos":50},"Sexual maturity","Aged 15 to 17, at the zoo earlier",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":156,"content":158},{"__typename":120,"title":157,"tooltip_infos":50},"Gestation period","630 to 690 days",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":160,"content":162},{"__typename":120,"title":161,"tooltip_infos":50},"Litter size","1 young, rarely twins",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":164,"content":166},{"__typename":120,"title":165,"tooltip_infos":50},"Life span","50 to 60 years",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":168,"content":170},{"__typename":120,"title":169,"tooltip_infos":50},"Threats","Highly endangered due to the illegal trade in tusks (ivory) and hunting for meat and hide",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":172,"content":174},{"__typename":120,"title":173,"tooltip_infos":50},"Use","Work and riding animals, and in cultural and religious ceremonies as so-called temple elephants",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":176,"content":178},{"__typename":120,"title":177,"tooltip_infos":50},"Current population","a maximum of 40,000 animals, of which 20,000 are in India, 4,000 each in Burma and Sri Lanka; in European zoos: 78 males and 160 females in 71 zoos (as of 2020)",{"__typename":118,"fact_type":180,"content":182},{"__typename":120,"title":181,"tooltip_infos":50},"At Zoo Zurich since","In 1929 at what was then the main building (now the penguin enclosure); from 1971 to 2014 in an elephant house with an outdoor enclosure (now the Mongolian Steppe); from 2014 at Kaeng Krachan Elephant Park",[],"#3B4738",[],[],[188,228,251,266,277,284,288],{"__typename":189,"heading":190,"gallery_images":191},"Fieldset_ComponentImageGallery","Our elephants",[192,201,210,216,222],{"__typename":193,"image":194,"image_description":200,"image_width":50},"GridItem_Components_GalleryImages",{"__typename":77,"id":195,"alt_de":196,"alt_fr":50,"permalink":197,"extension":81,"is_image":75,"width":83,"height":82,"focus_css":198,"url":197,"path":199,"is_video":6},"assets::animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm__tbe6666.jpg","Asiatischer Elefant Indi im Kaeng Krachan Elefantenpark des Zoo Zürich.","https:\u002F\u002Fzoo-zurich-prod.b-cdn.net\u002Fcms\u002Fp\u002Fassets\u002Fanimals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm__tbe6666.jpg","59% 40%","animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm__tbe6666.jpg","Indi, female, born in Burma in 1986",{"__typename":193,"image":202,"image_description":209,"image_width":50},{"__typename":77,"id":203,"alt_de":204,"alt_fr":50,"permalink":205,"extension":81,"is_image":75,"width":82,"height":206,"focus_css":207,"url":205,"path":208,"is_video":6},"assets::animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_nz9_3345-bearbeitet-bearbeitet.jpg","Asiatischer Elefant (Elephas maximus) im Kaeng Krachan Elefantenpark des Zoo Zürich.","https:\u002F\u002Fzoo-zurich-prod.b-cdn.net\u002Fcms\u002Fp\u002Fassets\u002Fanimals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_nz9_3345-bearbeitet-bearbeitet.jpg",1667,"45% 32%","animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_nz9_3345-bearbeitet-bearbeitet.jpg","Chandra, female, born 13 May 2002 at Zoo Zurich",{"__typename":193,"image":211,"image_description":215,"image_width":50},{"__typename":77,"id":212,"alt_de":204,"alt_fr":50,"permalink":213,"extension":81,"is_image":75,"width":82,"height":206,"focus_css":92,"url":213,"path":214,"is_video":6},"assets::animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_fs8_0285-panang.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fzoo-zurich-prod.b-cdn.net\u002Fcms\u002Fp\u002Fassets\u002Fanimals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_fs8_0285-panang.jpg","animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_fs8_0285-panang.jpg","Panang, female, born 13 February 1989 at Zoo Zurich",{"__typename":193,"image":217,"image_description":221,"image_width":50},{"__typename":77,"id":218,"alt_de":204,"alt_fr":50,"permalink":219,"extension":81,"is_image":75,"width":206,"height":82,"focus_css":92,"url":219,"path":220,"is_video":6},"assets::animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_33-zoo-location-&-elefant-15.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fzoo-zurich-prod.b-cdn.net\u002Fcms\u002Fp\u002Fassets\u002Fanimals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_33-zoo-location-%26-elefant-15.jpg","animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_33-zoo-location-&-elefant-15.jpg","Farha, female, born on 3 May 2005 at Zoo Zurich",{"__typename":193,"image":223,"image_description":227,"image_width":50},{"__typename":77,"id":224,"alt_de":204,"alt_fr":50,"permalink":225,"extension":81,"is_image":75,"width":82,"height":206,"focus_css":92,"url":225,"path":226,"is_video":6},"assets::animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_ef_mg_328537b.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fzoo-zurich-prod.b-cdn.net\u002Fcms\u002Fp\u002Fassets\u002Fanimals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_ef_mg_328537b.jpg","animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_ef_mg_328537b.jpg","Thai, male, born 26 November 2004, at Hamburg Zoo",{"__typename":229,"color_hash":50,"heading":230,"facts":231},"Fieldset_ComponentFactsCards","Food per day",[232,238,242,246],{"__typename":233,"number":234,"number_suffix":235,"text":236,"id":237},"GridItem_Components_Facts",150,"kg","An elephant eats up to 150 kg a day; at the zoo, it mainly eats hay and branches.","dg1LdOeE7MQq14XMkZkdv",{"__typename":233,"number":239,"number_suffix":235,"text":240,"id":241},6,"Elephant's Cubes","WQ9tNc7BMUuDjX5wDSeeh",{"__typename":233,"number":243,"number_suffix":235,"text":244,"id":245},3,"Vegetables and fruit (carrots, beetroot, fodder beets, cauliflower, celery, fennel, leeks, apples)","yWjD-iYOIz7ybFY-et2o0",{"__typename":233,"number":247,"number_suffix":248,"text":249,"id":250},100,"g","Livestock salt","jufpWyHr8Zk-el1npbEbj",{"__typename":252,"richtext":253,"image":258,"caption":263,"content_position":264,"small_image":6},"Fieldset_ComponentTextImage",[254],{"__typename":255,"text":256,"type":257},"BardText","\u003Ch3>Protected contact\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>We keep our elephants in what is known as \u003Cem>protected contact\u003C\u002Fem>. This means that elephants and humans are always separated by a barrier. This has many benefits for both animals and humans.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>However, it also means that the elephant must come to a specific spot in the exhibit of its own accord when the keepers or vets want to examine an elephant and, for example, take a closer look at a particular part of its body. This only works if the elephant is happy to cooperate.\u003C\u002Fp>","text",{"__typename":77,"id":259,"alt_de":50,"alt_fr":50,"permalink":260,"extension":81,"is_image":75,"width":82,"height":261,"focus_css":92,"url":260,"path":262,"is_video":6},"assets::animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_img_20220405_101316.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fzoo-zurich-prod.b-cdn.net\u002Fcms\u002Fp\u002Fassets\u002Fanimals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_img_20220405_101316.jpg",1875,"animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_img_20220405_101316.jpg","At Zoo Zurich, we keep elephants in a protected contact environment. Photo: Zoo Zurich, Sandro Schönbächler",{"__typename":73,"value":265},"left",{"__typename":252,"richtext":267,"image":270,"caption":274,"content_position":275,"small_image":6},[268],{"__typename":255,"text":269,"type":257},"\u003Ch3>Training using positive reinforcement\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>For this to work, appropriate training is required. To this end, we use training based on \u003Cem>positive reinforcement\u003C\u002Fem>. The principle is simple: desired behaviour is positively reinforced, i.e. rewarded. If the elephant does the ‘right’ thing, it receives a reward. If it doesn’t do the right thing, nothing happens; there is no punishment.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Put simply, the training works like this:\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Col start=\"1\">\u003Cli>\u003Cp>The animal keeper prompts the elephant to do something.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp>The elephant does as asked.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp>The animal keeper signals (e.g. with a click or a whistle) that the elephant has done the right thing.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp>The elephant receives an immediate reward, such as a treat.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>\u003Cp>Another tool that is frequently used is the ‘target’, which is often a stick or similar object. The keeper uses it as a ‘guide’ to help the elephant understand more easily what it is supposed to do.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The elephant first learns to touch the pole or follow it using different parts of its body. Later, the keepers can use the pole to guide the animal into the desired position. For example, so that they can trim its hooves or so that the vets can examine its ear.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Positive reinforcement works with any species of animal. At Zurich Zoo, we therefore use this training method not only with the elephants, but also with other animals.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"__typename":77,"id":271,"alt_de":50,"alt_fr":50,"permalink":272,"extension":81,"is_image":75,"width":82,"height":206,"focus_css":92,"url":272,"path":273,"is_video":6},"assets::animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_ef__mg_186685ba4.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fzoo-zurich-prod.b-cdn.net\u002Fcms\u002Fp\u002Fassets\u002Fanimals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_ef__mg_186685ba4.jpg","animals\u002Fasiatischer-elefant\u002Fm_ef__mg_186685ba4.jpg","We train our elephants using the principles of positive reinforcement. 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Please check your inbox shortly.",{"__typename":354,"handle":355,"honeypot":356,"rules":357,"title":348,"sections":372},"Form","newsletter","honeypot",{"gender":358,"first_name":362,"last_name":364,"email":365,"newsletter_consent":368,"tracking_consent":370},[359,360,361],"required","string","in:female,male,neutral",[359,360,363],"max:255",[359,360,363],[359,360,366,367],"email","max:254",[359,369],"accepted",[371],"nullable",[373,449],{"__typename":374,"display":375,"instructions":50,"fields":376},"Section","Person",[377,417,429,439],{"__typename":378,"config":379,"display":382,"handle":415,"instructions":50,"type":416,"width":247,"if":50,"unless":50},"Field",{"label":380,"options":387,"floating_label":6},[381,383,385],{"handle":331,"value":382},"Anrede",{"handle":334,"value":384},"Civilité",{"handle":62,"value":386},"Salutation",[388,397,406],{"id":389,"key":389,"text":390},"female",[391,393,395],{"handle":331,"value":392},"Frau",{"handle":334,"value":394},"Madame",{"handle":62,"value":396},"Ms",{"id":398,"key":398,"text":399},"male",[400,402,404],{"handle":331,"value":401},"Herr",{"handle":334,"value":403},"Monsieur",{"handle":62,"value":405},"Mr",{"id":407,"key":407,"text":408},"neutral",[409,411,413],{"handle":331,"value":410},"Neutrale Anrede",{"handle":334,"value":412},"Civilité neutre",{"handle":62,"value":414},"Gender-neutral salutation","gender","input_select",{"__typename":378,"config":418,"display":421,"handle":426,"instructions":50,"type":427,"width":428,"if":50,"unless":50},{"label":419,"floating_label":6},[420,422,424],{"handle":331,"value":421},"Vorname",{"handle":334,"value":423},"Prénom",{"handle":62,"value":425},"First name","first_name","input_text",50,{"__typename":378,"config":430,"display":433,"handle":438,"instructions":50,"type":427,"width":428,"if":50,"unless":50},{"label":431,"floating_label":6},[432,434,436],{"handle":331,"value":433},"Nachname",{"handle":334,"value":435},"Nom",{"handle":62,"value":437},"Last name","last_name",{"__typename":378,"config":440,"display":443,"handle":366,"instructions":50,"type":448,"width":247,"if":50,"unless":50},{"label":441,"floating_label":6},[442,444,446],{"handle":331,"value":443},"E-Mail",{"handle":334,"value":445},"E-mail",{"handle":62,"value":447},"Email","input_email",{"__typename":374,"display":450,"instructions":50,"fields":451},"Einwilligung",[452,477],{"__typename":378,"config":453,"display":474,"handle":475,"instructions":50,"type":476,"width":247,"if":50,"unless":50},{"label":454,"label_deactivated":461,"label_activated":468},[455,457,459],{"handle":331,"value":456},"Ich möchte den monatlichen Newsletter des Zoo Zürich abonnieren.",{"handle":334,"value":458},"Je souhaite recevoir la newsletter mensuelle du Zoo de Zurich.",{"handle":62,"value":460},"I would like to receive the monthly Zoo Zurich newsletter.",[462,464,466],{"handle":331,"value":463},"Newsletter nicht abonniert",{"handle":334,"value":465},"Newsletter non sélectionnée",{"handle":62,"value":467},"Newsletter not selected",[469,471,473],{"handle":331,"value":470},"Newsletter abonnieren",{"handle":334,"value":472},"S’abonner à la newsletter",{"handle":62,"value":349},"Newsletter-Einwilligung","newsletter_consent","input_switch",{"__typename":378,"config":478,"display":500,"handle":501,"instructions":50,"type":476,"width":247,"if":50,"unless":50},{"label":479,"label_deactivated":486,"label_activated":493},[480,482,484],{"handle":331,"value":481},"Ich stimme der personenbezogenen Auswertung von Öffnungen und Klicks zu.",{"handle":334,"value":483},"J’accepte l’analyse personnalisée des ouvertures et des clics.",{"handle":62,"value":485},"I consent to personalized tracking of opens and clicks.",[487,489,491],{"handle":331,"value":488},"Tracking nicht erlaubt",{"handle":334,"value":490},"Suivi non autorisé",{"handle":62,"value":492},"Tracking not allowed",[494,496,498],{"handle":331,"value":495},"Tracking erlauben",{"handle":334,"value":497},"Autoriser le suivi",{"handle":62,"value":499},"Allow tracking","Tracking-Einwilligung","tracking_consent","\u003Cp>Thank you. Your request has been received. Please check your inbox shortly.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>Your subscription request could not be received. Please try again later.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"__typename":505,"data":506},"EntryInterfacePagination",[],{"__typename":505,"data":508},[],{"__typename":505,"data":510},[],1793671653631,[60,52,62],"[\"statamic\",\"footer\",\"en\"]",{"dehydratedAt":42,"state":515,"queryKey":517,"queryHash":519},{"data":50,"dataUpdateCount":55,"dataUpdatedAt":516,"error":50,"errorUpdateCount":4,"errorUpdatedAt":4,"fetchFailureCount":4,"fetchFailureReason":50,"fetchMeta":50,"isInvalidated":6,"status":57,"fetchStatus":58},1793671653727,[60,518,62,68],"species-event","[\"statamic\",\"species-event\",\"en\",\"cae88b71-eb08-48a2-ae4d-86da1c86d546\"]"]